I’m glad we agree on that point, [...]!
How do we know that the homemade liquids are fully-functional and safe? Is there empirical evidence to support this? For each of the different benzodiazepines? If so, can you provide us with references to supporting research? [...] reports? I am aware of Jouyban et al’s work on solubility but testing an active pharmaceutical ingredient for solubility is not the same thing as testing a liquid made from a different drug source (i.e. Rx tablets) for safety and effectiveness when ingested by humans.
I don't mean to sound dismissive, but even in the absence of "[...] reports", the logic is overwhelming. As noted, there is clear evidence that both PG and alcohol are effective benzo solvent. (and the pharma companies use the same solvents). People safely consume vodka, and water, and apparently everyone here consumes benzos. And almost all of use products containing PG every day.
And as skeptical as I am about anecdotal evidence, the anecdotal success of home-brew liquid is pretty overwhelming.
Are there [...] tests that show adding sugar to your coffee does not create some toxic by-product?
In the absence of research that would show that there are downsides to mixing 3 common ingredients (water, vodka, benzo), I will rely on the overwhelming logic that says its a no-risk option.
And for the (many) that do not have the option of Rx liquid, are they doomed to a cut&suffer taper?
I think the issue is how the benzodiazepine might be degraded by the solvent, even more so over time (if the mixture is stored). That's why a pharmacologically approved solvent or suspension medium would be vastly superior and preferable. I am not aware that anyone here (or elsewhere) can provide an unequivocal answer to this. I hope you can prove me wrong by providing a citation.
A related issue to consider is whether or not the active drug substance is fully and completely solubilized under “home-brew” conditions. In contrast, Jouyban et al’s solubility tests were conducted under carefully controlled, laboratory conditions. I would need to re-read the methodology again to be certain, but my recollection is that those conditions included pre-processing of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, use of special apparatus for agitation, and controlled temperatures. Also, the final products generated were definitely NOT tested for stability or microbiological activity over time.
Another issue to bear in mind is that the prescription liquids for benzodiazepines all contain
multiple ingredients. Each ingredient serves a specific purpose, including increasing solubility. For example, below are the ingredients for the two prescription liquids for diazepam available in the U.S.
Ingredients in Diazepam Oral Solution (5 mg per 5 mL = 1 mg per 1mL)ANHYDROUS CITRIC ACID (UNII: XF417D3PSL)
D&C YELLOW NO. 10 (UNII: 35SW5USQ3G)
FD&C RED NO. 40 (UNII: WZB9127XOA)
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 1000 (UNII: U076Q6Q621)
PROPYLENE GLYCOL (UNII: 6DC9Q167V3)
SODIUM CITRATE, UNSPECIFIED FORM (UNII: 1Q73Q2JULR)
SORBITOL (UNII: 506T60A25R)
WATER (UNII: 059QF0KO0R)
Ingredients in Diazepam Intensol (25mg per 5mL = 5mg per 1mL)ALCOHOL (UNII: 3K9958V90M) 190 mg in 1 mL
D&C YELLOW NO. 10 (UNII: 35SW5USQ3G)
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 400 (UNII: B697894SGQ)
PROPYLENE GLYCOL (UNII: 6DC9Q167V3)
SUCCINIC ACID (UNII: AB6MNQ6J6L)
WATER (UNII: 059QF0KO0R)